Point of View and Theme in Heart of Darkness Essay example -- Heart Da

Point of View and Theme in Heart of Darkness       In Joseph Conrad's novel Heart of Darkness the story of Marlow, an Englishman travelling physically up an unnamed river in Africa and psychologically into the human possibility, is related to the reader through several narrational voices. The primary first-person narrator is an Englishman aboard the yawl, the 'Nellie', who relates the story as it is told to him by Marlow. Within Marlow's narrative are several instances when Marlow relies upon others, such as the Russian, the brickmaker and the Manager at the central station, for information. Therefore, through complicated narrational structure resulting from the polyphonous account, Conrad can already represent to the reader the theme of the shifting nature of reality. As each narrator relates what is important to them, the audience must realise that each voice edits, absents information and is affected by their own experiences and the culture and ideology within which they judge and respond. Therefore the text reveals itself as non-essentialist. It is also seen through the narratorial voices, who are all significantly European males, although challenging the received view of imperial praxis as glorious and daring, a racist and patriarchal text, which eventually, through Marlow's own assimilation of the ideology of his time, reinscribes and replicates that which it attempts to criticise:   European action in Africa.       Marlow quickly interrogates colonialism through his statement:    "The conquest of the world which mostly means the taking it away from those who have a different complexion or slightly flatter noses than ourselves, is not a pretty thing when you look into it too much."    So that t... ...hrough the confident and mediating narrative account the reader receives through Marlow and the unnamed First narration Conrad is able to interrogate the theme of the corruption and economic motivations behind colonids praxis in the novel Heart of Darkness. It is, however, unconsciously, also made clear that this text, its narrator and its author are products of their time and ideology, as it consistantly represents characters and situations in racist and patriarchal terms, so that the reader is also aware of the Eurocentric and ethnocentric themes running through the novella.    Bibliography    Conrad, J.   Heart of Darkness. London: Penguin Group.   1995    Cole, David W., and Kenneth B. Grant. "Conrad's Heart of Darkness." The Explicator 54.1 1995.    Jean-Aubry, George. Joseph Conrad: Life and Letters. Vol. 1. New York: Page, 1966.   

U.S. Bank Remitance Program Case Essay

U. S. Citizen: Bank Remittance Program I believe it is ethical for U. S. Citizen Bank to continue their remittance program and to continue to allow the matricula consular card as a proper form of identification. My argument will be that it is more ethical for U. S. bank to offer business to immigrants, even if they are illegal immigrants, but I believe that the argument that the matricula card is a valid source of identification is false. The matricula consular card is a source of identification that is issued by the Mexican government to help them keep better track of their citizens who are abroad, mostly for tax purposes.A Mexican citizen can only obtain this card if they provided an original birth certificate, photo identification and proof of residency within the United States, such as a utility bill. In 2001 Wells Fargo began accepting matricula cards as a proper form of identification along with U. S. Bank a month later. It was not long thereafter where U. S. Citizen Bank joine d in with heavy marketing to draw in to the untapped marked of the increasing population of Hispanics in the United States.With the acceptance of these cards the banks were now allowed to offer remittance services to Mexican immigrants where they could send money back to an account in Mexico, which is an issue I will be discussing later. In 2002, thirteen states accepted the matricula as a valid form of identification, including 800 sheriff offices. In my perspective, the idea that not only banks but many states and hundreds of sheriff offices accept a Mexican issued form of identification which proves valid U. S. citizenship just by representation of a utility bill is absolutely ludicrous.In my opinion there is no way that any entity or governmental agency actually thinks that a utility bill presented to a consular office of the Mexican government can prove that you are a United States citizen. If you are a United States Citizen you should have some other source of legal identifica tion on you that is issued by the United States. This proves that banks, states and sheriff offices all know that there are some people who possess this card that are not legal residents of the United States.This shows that with the matricula card being deemed a valid form of identification by banks, it is going to be easier for illegal immigrants who possess the card to get banking services. This leads to the ethical question of is it ethical for banks to knowingly offer banking services to potential illegal immigrants possessing the matricula card? To this question I answer, yes. As questioned in the case, I believe that it U. S. Citizen’s corporate duty to obey the laws of the United States and support the values of our country.This leads to many people arguing that they these banks are going against what the United States wants in keeping illegal immigrants out of our country. It is proven that the United States government spends millions of dollars each year on border pa trol to keep illegal immigrants out of our country. However, once the illegal immigrants get into our country the United States government seems to take a completely different stance and their view almost seems to switch to the complete other side. Once the illegal immigrants hop the border it almost seems like the government is more worried about helping them.We have states accepting illegitimate forms of identification as being valid and in October of 2001, the U. S. PATRIOT act instructed the Secretary of the U. S. Treasury to provide regulations for certain customer identification that banks needed to obtain before they could open an account and they never did. We also have the chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, who was also a former regulator, commenting on the matricula, saying that the banks are doing â€Å"good business† and he mentioned that accepting it as valid identification was â€Å"good policy. The banks are doing their corporate duty to ou r nation by continuing to accept the matricula as proof that these immigrants are U. S. citizens because in my opinion, if they United States government was against it, they would be stopping it! It is also in the banks best interest to do business with these immigrants. They saw a huge untapped opportunity in the market of increasing Hispanics and they decided to pursue it. It has ultimately affected their bottom line showing a substantial amount of profits through their business.I am going to make the assumption that by the banks offering their services to immigrants that the customers are doing more overall good than bad and that there is an extremely low number of customers who are actually using this money to fund drug cartels or to transfer money to terrorist funds and here is why. The profit of banks relies a lot on trust. Banks need to trust the customer that they will pay them back. As mentioned in the article it says that when customer wanted banking services they would of ten go and sit down to with a banker to go through their products. I believe that this face to face interaction weeds out many of the â€Å"terrorists† and â€Å"drug smugglers† of the group. Also, I believe that the banks are truly helping people that are in need. These are immigrants who are coming to America and looking for a better way of life than what they had before. They may have left their family and friends to get away from a terrible way of life in their foreign country.The banks are helping these people understand how to manage their money, and they are giving them the ability to send some of the money they are making back to their foreign country to help support their family or whoever they so please. They no longer have to sit or hide bundles of cash leaving them bigger targets for robbery. Again, making the assumption that the banks customers are doing more harm than good, I believe that this benefits our society as a whole. In society, we want all of ou r people to have a fair chance and that is exactly what the banks and the United States are doing.They are giving the 45-55% of Hispanics who’ve never had a banking relationship a fair chance at success. Where my biggest issue lies in this case is in the hypocrisy of the United States. I believe with the matricula being accepted by many states and sheriffs throughout the United States that it certainly acceptable for U. S. Citizen to accept it as valid identification as well, being that they are looking to make money and that they are certainly helping out a Hispanic population.However, the United States should make a stand on either side of this issue, because you most certainly can’t have both. You can’t set up border patrol to keep Mexicans out than say that a card issued by the Mexican government proves that they are a United States citizen and let them stay in our country. Although they are not forced to pay taxes, and we as American are financially hurt be cause we are forced to pay more taxes on them, this small financial loss to our society is outweighed by what should be our willingness to help people that are in need.Now it is probably true that a few of these banks may be allowing the certain aid of drug cartels or other illegal acts. But who says that if I go to a bank and apply for a loan that they know that I won’t use that money to buy an immense amount of drugs? I work for a bank and we recently had a transaction where we thought we had a legitimate customer and we ended up funding the mob based out of Chicago. It is the banks duty to offer services to those in need if they believe that they are a valid customer and are meeting their compliance guidelines which U.S. Citizen has. The United States should not accept this card as valid identification because for the easy answer, it is not valid identification. We have conflicting agencies, one being the FBI saying that the card is not valid and sheriff offices saying tha t it is. But as long as the United States is accepting it as valid I. D. than the banks should too because they are certainly doing more good than harm by offering their banking services to these immigrants.The United States needs to eliminate this card and come up with a better way and system to make the illegal immigrants citizens of our beautiful country. Right now American are seeing a portion of our taxes going to illegal immigrants so that their kids can go to a public school and that we can provide them with health care. This is not beneficial to our society as a whole and that I believe that if they want to come in to our country that they should have the same duties as Americans to pay taxes and to continue to better this country.In conclusion I believe that U. S. Citizen Bank is doing the right thing by allowing the Mexican immigrants a chance at banking service even with the acceptance of the illegitimate source of identification in the matricula consular card. It is bene fitting not only the bank but it is helping out those that are in need of these services and giving them a chance to help their friends and family at home that may be struggling. The basis of this decision to continue is solely because of the United States government acceptance of the card and not because the card is valid.

Executive Summary America s Most Popular Anti Drug...

Executive Summary America’s most popular anti-drug program D.A.R.E. has created an uproar. The D.A.R.E. program had many issues the main one being its ineffectiveness. How could the most widely used drug prevention program in the United States be deemed ineffective? What went wrong? â€Å"The prevention of drug abuse is an especially salient topic for school psychologists and other educational professionals. Schools are the primary setting for providing education and information aimed at the prevention of drug abuse. Previous meta-analyses† (Ennett, et al., 1994; West O Neal, 2004) indicate that one of the nation s most popular drug prevention programs, the Drug Abuse Resistance Education program (D.A.R.E.), was not effective in reducing illicit drug use among youths. Current evaluations have produced an array of evidence showing the effectiveness of the new D.A.R.E. curriculum. Future stud ies must be conducted to determine if this new curriculum is effective. This analysis will show how this once prosperous program has proven to be so ineffective the D.A.R.E. program ranges from $1 billion to more than $2 billion annually. Despite questions about whether DARE works, it appears the cost will go up by millions even as the program is retooled. the following analysis would include a meta-analysis on why the program was so ineffective what could have been done. Introduction Drug AbuseShow MoreRelatedEssay on Americas War on Drugs5842 Words   |  24 PagesNixon initiated the War on Drugs when American soldiers were coming home from the Vietnam War addicted to heroin. More than a decade later, President Ronald Reagan launches the South Florida Drug Task force, headed by then Vice-President George Bush, in response to the city of Miami’s demand for help. In 1981, Miami was the financial and import central for cocaine and marijuana, and the residents were fed up. Thanks to the task force, drug arrests went up by 27%, and drug seizures went up by 50%.Read MoreA Critical Review of â€Å"the Ambiguities of Football, Politics, Culture, and Social Transformation in Latin America† by Tamir Bar-on.14147 Words   |  57 PagesAmbiguities of Football, Politics, Culture, and Social Transformation in Latin America† by Tamir Bar-On. Introduction: In Latin America, soccer is not a game; it is a way of life. It is mixed in with politics and nationalism. It defines social classes. How politically influential is soccer in Latin America? It is used by â€Å"various Latin American socio-economic elites in order to retard the acceleration of working class and popular discontent† (Bar-On 1997:1.8). Is it then not intriguing that women playRead MoreInside Job Analytical Report3567 Words   |  15 Pagesadditional information. Table of Contents: 1. 2. 3. 4. Contents Memorandum of Transmittal Executive Summary Analytical Report on the documentary Inside Job a. Introduction 5. 6. 7. 8. Part (i): How we got here? c. Part (ii): The Bubble d. Part (iii): The Crisis e. Part (iv): Accountability f. Part (v): Where are we now? Biblography Appendix Glossary Index b. Executive Summary Inside Job is a documentary by Charles Ferguson, about the causes of the global financial crisisRead MoreHistory and Rolls of Law Enforcement in America10094 Words   |  41 PagesEvaluation of how knowledge, skills, and attitude learned in this course apply to your chosen career. There will also be a summary of reactions on Ethical and professional behavior in the work place. Included in the second section, there will be six scenarios. The responses will incorporate knowledge of policing trends and issues gained throughout the course. Followed by a reaction summary. 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The British made investments and developments in the tin mining engineering for exports in Peninsular MalaysiaRead MoreNeutrogena Paper8069 Words   |  33 Pages | Contents Executive Summary 4 History 4 Situation Assessment 4 Strategies 4 Operation/Action Plan 4 Our Company 5 Project Description and Objectives 5 Team Description 6 Situation Assessment 6 External/Macro Environmental Factors 6 Internal Assessment of Neutrogena (Johnson and Johnson) 8 Market Analysis 10 Target Market 11 Strategies and Programs 11 Generic Business Strategy 11 Marketing Mix 13 FinancialRead MoreL ´Occitane Market Analysis9171 Words   |  37 Pagesby Adrien Saget, Daniela Zuluaga, Eugeniya Shurinova and Mary Arro 1 Executive Summary Cosmetic industry is one of the fastest growing industries in today’s economy. Despite the financial recession and instability the market of cosmetics keeps growing. Trends are changing rapidly: what a couple of years ago was a niche market and was aimed at a narrow range of customers today becomes a must if a company wants to survive. A number of EU countries have developed a large trade surplus and a significant

What Is Teamwork - 1665 Words

What is Teamwork? Teamwork is defined in Websters New World Dictionary as a joint action by a group of people, in which each person subordinates his or her individual interests and opinions to the unity and efficiency of the group. This does not mean that the individual is no longer important; however, it does mean that effective and efficient teamwork goes beyond individual accomplishments. The most effective teamwork is produced when all the individuals involved harmonize their contributions and work towards a common goal. Why Should Teachers be Interested in Teamwork? Teamwork has become an important part of the working culture and many businesses now look at teamwork skills when evaluating a person for employment. Most companies†¦show more content†¦| * Members participate equally in decision-making, but each member understands that the leader might need to make the final decision if the team can not come to a consensus agreement. | Characteristics of Effective Teams. The following are eight characteristics of effective teams the were identified by Larson and LaFasto in their book titled Teamwork: What Must Go Right/What Can Go Wrong (Sage Publications 1989). 1. The team must have a clear goal. Avoid fuzzy, motherhood statements. Team goals should call for a specific performance objective, expressed so concisely that everyone knows when the objective has been met. 2. The team must have a results-driven structure. The team should be allowed to operate in a manner that produces results. It is often best to allow the team to develop the structure. 3. The team must have competent team members. In the education setting this can be take to mean that the problem given to the team should be one that the members can tackle given their level of knowledge. 4. The team must have unified commitment. This doesnt mean that team members must agree on everything. It means that all individuals must be directing their efforts towards the goal. If an individuals effo rts is going purely towards personal goals, then the team will confront this and resolve the problem. 5. The team must have a collaborative climate. It is a climate of trust produced by honest, open, consistentShow MoreRelatedThe Five Stages Of Team Development800 Words   |  4 Pagesconsuming, but if done well the result would be extremely rewarding, it is called teamwork. Insert teamwork definition Why is teamwork essential? Five Stages of Team Development In 1965, a professor of psychology at the Ohio State University, Bruce Tuckman propose the five stages of group development (Andersen Bolt, 2011, p. 161). Tuckman strongly suggest the norm order for team to grow as one coordinated group. 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For example developing a culture within the work place where teamwork is a vital necessity can significantly improve performance, effectiveness, efficiency, morale, job satisfaction, unity of purpose, communications, innovative thinking, quality, speed in getting things done, and loyalty to an organization (Warrick, 2014). In corporate America, superiority and personal recognitionRead MoreTeamwork : A Concept Analysis1684 Words   |  7 PagesTeamwork: A Concept Analysis A major concept that we have learned about in our nursing 182 class is Teamwork. In this concept analysis we will see the conceptualization of teamwork, and critical attributes, related concepts and various cases, and illegitimate uses of team work. Teamwork is essential in the nursing field and this analysis will show just how important it is. Concept Selection I chose the topic of teamwork because, teamwork is an essential part of our nursing careers. 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But how will it be with just the one who falls when there is not another to raise him up?† – Ecclesiastes 4:9, 10 As the scriptural text quoted above implies, teamwork can accomplish what the individual cannot do on his or her own. Teamwork is defined as â€Å"a small number of people with complementary skills who are committedRead MoreOrganization, Planning And Staffing Essay933 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessional life. ï  ¶ Concept-1 ‘Teamwork’. This concept is taken from â€Å" ORGANIZATION,PLANNING STAFFING† module no.5 entitled as ‘organizational behaviour’. In today’s healthcare market, the practice of teamwork has gained in popularity.This is especially true for professional nurses. When nurses function as part of a unit, and when they act as part of a team, the job itself is easier and more efficient. Moreover, overall patient care is enhanced . In nursing, when teamwork is emphasized and valued Read MoreThe Importance Of Teamwork With Care Coordination Across The Continuum1583 Words   |  7 Pagesconcept analysis I chose is the teamwork concept. The purpose of this concept analysis of teamwork is to provide an understanding on the importance of teamwork with care coordination across the continuum. Teamwork After review of the literature using journal reviews, search engines, google, bing, cinahl, sage, medline and book reviews, with keywords of teamwork, team, coordination, and collaboration, I found numerous amount of literature regarding the concept of teamwork. This not only included healthcareRead MoreTeamwork Report862 Words   |  4 PagesEffectiveness Starbucks Corporation: Case Study in Teamwork Name: Jessie (Luyan) Wang âž ¢ Introduction This report is a case study of Starbucks’ teamwork practices. In the first stage, the overview background of Starbucks will be introduced. Secondly, the viewpoints of Starbucks and the strategies, which are used by the company to make their teamwork performance well, are going to discuss. Next, the effectiveness of Starbucks teamwork strategy will be point out. In the end, there is aRead MoreImportance of Teamwork in the Kitchen Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesImportance of Teamwork In the Kitchen Teamwork in the kitchen is a basic requirement as it is the main key of successful performance for anyone who is, going to or will join this most important department of hospitality. The purpose of this essay is to explain the concept of teamwork and how it applies to kitchen environment. Also, examples of personal experience of teamwork in class are provided to illustrate its effectiveness as a way to achieve common goals. Dwyer (2013, p. 224)

The Christian Influence Of Australia - 1058 Words

Australia, as a secular nation, declares freedom for all citizens in its constitution. However, it appears for influence of Christianity is still prevalent in its political agenda. This Christian influence comes from Australia’s settlement in 1788. The underlying Christian influence affects the political agenda in many ways: 2 of which are marriage equality, and inequality for same-sex couples in adoption and surrogacy laws. Australia’s history has many Christian roots and aspects weaved into it. This is evident even in today’s society, despite the constitutions declaration that prevents the Commonwealth from establishing any religion. In 1788 the convicts came on the first fleet and with it comes many Christians from the British Isles. This included many sub-branches of Anglicans, Catholics, Presbyterians, Methodists, Congregationalists, and Baptists. In the 18th and 19th centuries hundreds of Irish Catholics were transported to Australia. In 1800 an Irish Priest arrived in Australia and the Governor King decided that the Catholics could celebrate mass after years of not being able to hold mass. The first recorded mass was in 1803. Later in 1804, worship was banned because Marsden believed Catholics planned rebellions in Mass, as a consequence of harsh conditions, the Catholics rebelled. Up until the 1820s the Catholic Church had few rights and buildings left in Australia. Two Catholic pri ests arrived in 1820 and were allowed to minister to Catholics. In 1829 the EnglishShow MoreRelatedThe practises, beliefs and values of Christianity and Islam have an impact on Australia society;1600 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact on Australia society; however, the media exploits the perceived tension between the two groups which has led to discrimination and violence. Over many years the way of which an individual lives their life has been shown to be affected by the religion of which they follow. 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Siva Free Essays

As an MBA student you need to study Managerial Economics which is concerned with decisionmaking by managers. As you all are aware that the main Job of managers is decision making only. Before making a decision one has to take into accounts so many things. We will write a custom essay sample on Siva or any similar topic only for you Order Now And here comes theimportance of managerial economics. Meaning of Economics: Economics can be called as social science dealing with economics problem and man’s economic behavior. It deals with economic behavior of man in society in respect of consumption, production;distribution etc. conomics can be called as an unending science. There are almost as many definitions of economy as there are economists. We know that definition of subject is to be expected but at this stage it is more useful to set out few examples of the sort of issueswhich concerns professional economists. Example: For e. g. most of us want to lead an exciting life i. e. life full of excitements, adventures etc. butunluckily we do not always have the resources necessary to do everything we want to do. Thereforechoices have to be made or in the words of economists individuals have to decide—–â€Å"how toallocate scarce resources in the most effective ways†. For this a body of economic principles and concepts has been developed to explain how people andalso business react in this situation. Economics provide optimum utilization of scarce resources to achieve the desired result. It providesthe basis for decision making. Economics can be studied under two heads:l) Micro Economics2) Macro EconomicsMicro Economics: It has been defined as that branch where the unit of study is an individual, firm or household. Itstudies how individual ake their choices about what to produce, how to produce, and for whom to produce, and what price to charge. It is also known as the price theory is the main source of conceptsand analytical tools for managerial decision making. Various micro-economic concepts such as demand, supply, elasticity of demand and supply, marginalcost, various market forms, etc. are of great significance to managerial economics. 1 Macro Economics: It’s not only individuals and forms who are faced with having to make choices. Governments facemany such problems. For e. g. How much to spend on healthHow uch to spend on servicesHow much should go in to providing social security benefits. This is the same type of problem facing all of us in our daily lives but in different scales. lt studies the economics as a whole. It is aggregative in character and takes the entire economic as aunit of study. Macro economics helps in the area of forecasting. It includes National Income,aggregate consumption, investments, employment etc. Meaning of managerial economics: It is another branch in the science of economics. Sometimes it is interchangeably used with businesseconomics. Managerial economic is concerned with decision making at the level of firm. It has beendescribed as an economics applied to decision economic theory and managerial practices. lt is defined as application of economic theory and methodology to decision making process by themanagement of the business firms. In it economic theories and concepts are used to solve practical business problem. It lies on the borderline of economic and management. It helps in decision makingunder uncertainty and improves effectiveness of the organization. The basic purpose of managerial economic is to show how economic nalysis can be used informulating business plans. Definitions of managerial economics: In the words of Mc Nair and Merriam,† Managerial Economics consists of use of economic modes of thought to analyze business situation†. According to Spencer and Seigelman†Ã¢â‚¬ it is defined as the integration of economic theory with business practice for the purpose of facilitating decision making and forward planning by themanagement†. Economic provides optimum utilization of scarce resource to achieve the desired result. How to cite Siva, Papers

Midwifery Practice Would After Discussed †Myassignmenrthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Midwifery Practice Would Be After That Discussed? Answer: Introducation Nursing students need to be aware of the complex nature of human relationships and the corresponding life transitins for applying the relevant concepts into the nursing practice. This approach is beneficial for understanding human development and developing a sense of self that infleucnes the healthcare delivery of the nurses (Black, 2016). The present essay would be based on the provided case study to address the significant aspects of social and cognitive development occurring in children between the ages of two and five years and the factors influencing the development. The essay would refer to the work of the renowned theorist Jean Piaget, the cognitive development theory, and the work of Erik Erikson, the social development theory. The relevance of understanding this life stage to nurse and midwifery practice would be after that discussed. The theory of cognitive development outlined by the developmental psychologist Piaget is the comprehensive theory explaining the developmental nature of human intelligence. The theory aims to impart explanations on the nature of knowledge and how humans come to acquire it and utilise it. It is primarily a development stage theory (Mischel, 2013). According to the cognitive development theory of Piaget, the Preoperational Stage is the period between the age of 2 to seven years on a child when one learns to showcase the skils of cognitive development in that they become more mature and identify things symbolically. As per this theory, a child at this stage develops the memory as well as his imagination that heps the child to identify and understand the distinct differences between future and past. Engaging in make-belief action is a key feature of this stage. However, the thinking in such case is not logical, and they are yet to understand complex concepts like comparison and time (Bar rouillet, 2015). Bjorklund and Causey (2017) highlight that the basis of language development might be laid at the previous stage but is important that the emergence of language is a key hallmark at this stage. A child might become egocentric and struggle to perceive the perspectives of others. In the present case, it has bene found that Jack is able to speak only one-to-two word sentences and have been babbling most of the time. It is evident hat the language development is therefore not up-to-the mark. Jack has not been able to achieve the desirable milestone marked by the capability of utilising images and ideas and language improvement. The child might have become egocentric at this stage as he is found to focus on himself, indicted by constant babbling. It is clear that Jack does not consider what the impacts of his actions would be to others. According to the social development theory of Erikson, the stage of development in early childhood, age 2-4 years, is marked by virtue of will. The psychosocial crisis arising at this stage is autonomy versus shame and doubt. As a child is able to gain control over the motor abilities and eliminative functions, they tend to explore the surroundings. It is to be noted that the parents are still in the position to provide a strong foundation of security that enables the child to venture out for the assertion of his will (Feldman, 2016). The encouragement and patience that the child gains from the parents are essential for the fostering of the autonomy of the child. Children at this stage are willing to explore the world as they tend to learn from them in a constant manner. It is imperative that caution is taking while the child is exploring the environment as there are issues arising pertaining to safety and health (Newman Newman, 2017). Erikson outlined the psychological development theory that identified eight distinct stages through which an individual pass throughout the lifespan. At each stage, the individual is to confront and master new challenges. Every step builds upon the completion of the earlier stage, and outcome of one particular stage might not be permanent. It is to be mentioned that an individual at every stage has to face the crisis due to two conflicting forces (Bremner, 2017). In the present case, it has been found that Jack, a three-year-old child needs to attend day care for two days for about five hours as his mother is away for work purpose. His mother Vanessa is concerned about his toileting habit since he has not made much development in this area, unlike other children who have mastered the skill at the same age. It is to be brought in the limelight in this regard that Jack has not been able to showcase social development pertaining to toileting skills due to the absence of assertion of his will from his mother. Since Jacks mother is less available for him, the strong base of support is missing in this case that can encourage his toileting skills. In addition, the caregiver might not have been successful in encouraging self-sufficient behaviour that would have helped Jack to progress with his toileting skills. A delicate balance is needed from the side of the parent as tey must not try to deter from encouraging the child to enhance his autonomy. Sin ce Jack receives less support from his mother, he is not able to become more confident and encouraged to show skills of independent toileting. In addition, if the child is being mistreated at the care unit, s sense of threat might have been instilled within him, restricting him to develop his toileting skills (Newman Newman, 2017). Since the first person to teach about trust is the parent, it is expected that Vanessa takes good care of Jack and makes him feel secured. Sigelman and Rider (2014) bring into focus the relationships in human development as applied to cognitive, physical and socio-emotional development. As per the authors, cognitive development has been found to vastly impact socio-emotional development since the ability of a child to think rationally influences his ability to understand emotions. It also impacts the ability of the person to understand himself. The development of the brain, which is physical development, plays a primitive role in the changes in mental abilities, that is cognitive or intellectual development such as language skills and memory. These allow a child to showcase better social adjustment, which is social development. In the present case, Jack has been found to demonstrate poor cognitive skills, making a negative impact on the social skills of toileting, that is the inability to achieve self-toileting skills. Understanding of the life stage of a child between 2-5 years is crucial for a nurse to deliver optima quality care. Since nurses are directly accountable for assuring the proper development of child being cared for, an adequate understanding of the life stage is imperative. With sufficient knowledge of the applicability of theories of child development, a nurse can plan a holistic care plan for each child on an individualistic basis. Activities considered by the nurse to promote care of the child would be helpful in attaining the milestones if the nurse abides by the principles of the life stages (Black, 2016). From the above essay, it can be concluded that nurses play a crucial role in addressing the challenges coming up while caring for a child at different life transitional points. These issues might be cognitive, sociocultural or physical. Different theories of human development exist that guide the course of action of a nurse. Understanding the relationship between these concepts is beneficial in outlining a successful care plan for the child. References Barrouillet, P. (2015). Theories of cognitive development: From Piaget to today. Bjorklund, D. F., Causey, K. B. (2017).Children's thinking: Cognitive development and individual differences. SAGE Publications. Black, B. (2016).Professional Nursing-E-Book: Concepts Challenges. Elsevier Health Sciences. Bremner, J. G. (2017).An introduction to developmental psychology. John Wiley Sons. Feldman, R. S. (2016).Development across the life span. Pearson. Mischel, T. (Ed.). (2013).Cognitive development and epistemology. Academic Press. Newman, B. M., Newman, P. R. (2017).Development through life: A psychosocial approach. Cengage Learning. Sigelman, C. K., Rider, E. A. (2014).Life-span human development. Cengage Learning.