Social Changes During The Industrial Revolution - 1539 Words

The Industrial Revolution in Britain led to many social changes for the country as well as its people. Prior to the revolution, many people, especially of the lower class in terms of wealth, lived in the countryside where they worked fields to feed their own families. After the Industrial Revolution began, however, this all changed as the demand for more and more goods became abundant, and a method of increasing the supply was needed. Factories would be built in towns by the upper class business owners, and peasants would move into these towns to work in the factories. Small factory towns would later become factory cities, and most of the citizens of these cities were the people that worked in the factories. The living conditions in these cities were horrendous, and the working conditions were terrible as well. People of all ages worked in the factories, and some children as young as six would work twelve to sixteen hours – and sometimes more – each day. Life during the Industrial Revolution was tough, but there were some positives as well. What was life like prior to the Industrial Revolution? Prior to the Industrial Revolution, citizens of Britain worked long, hard days in the fields for very low wages. Most peasants at this time would work on small plots of land to feed their own families, and they did not have a solid or stable method of income. Most of the peasants of the labor class in Britain at this time lived a life of subsistence, or having enough to supportShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"Social Classes Role in Bringing About Change During the Industrial Revolution1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe industrial revolution, a period of transition and innovation, inevitably brought with it changes. Life for both rich and poor was changed. The Industrial Revolution brought about the birth of two classes: The middle class and the working class. In the article â€Å"The Communist Manifesto† (1848) by Karl Marx, it states that â€Å"Marx saw the oppression of the worker by those who owned means of production.†(1) Did the Industrial Revolution benefit both, or yet cause grievance in one and be beneficialRead MoreIndustrial Revolution Impact On Western Society1521 Words   |  7 Pageseasily be seen that the Industrial Revolution is one of the most significant events in the formation of Western Society. During the period from 1780 to 1850 (Sherman and Salisbury 517), there were many technological advances made, and this period is known as the Industrial Revolution. The Revolution prompted massive economic growth, urbanization, changes in gender roles, and paved the way for the development of the modern Western society. Although the Scientific Revolution allowed for the innovationRead MoreImportant Factors Leading to Industrial Revolution1606 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, it is almost taken for granted that the industrial revolutions are the result of changing technology and the proper application of that in the industrial production. However, from my point of view, these two factors did play a vital role in stimulating industrial revolutions, but they were not the only catalyzer propelling monumental development in industry. Influentially, the improvements in organizations of politics, social patterns, commerce, finance, and transportation alsoRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution And The American Revolution1452 Words   |  6 PagesThe industrial revolution was not only technological revolution but a social one that would lie foundation that would grow the word â€Å"revolution† exponentially. The industrial revolution brought with it change, whether that change was positive or negative is questionable however it did change the world as it was known. In both England and the United States of America strong industrial revolutions struck, the revolutions would change roles in the household and society for both women and me and theRead MoreThe Era Of Industrial Revolution1474 Words   |  6 Pagesbrought considerable changes and advancements to the human society. For instance, the age of exploration led explorers such as Columbus and Dias to discover unknown continents and routes. The age of enlightenment caused a burst of knowledge an d ideas based on reason from people such as John Locke and Voltaire. The most important era, however, that brought substantial and visible change to the way of living is the era of Industrial Revolution. The period of the Industrial revolution began in the earlyRead MoreIndustrial Revolutions During Europe During The Industrial Revolution1298 Words   |  6 PagesIndustrial Revolution in Europe Before the industrial revolution, Europe was mostly dominated by farmers but as the industrial revolution progressed this changed dramatically. Industrial revolution had a significant impact in the process by making new demands that shaped the way of life through increased competition and technological innovation. Generally, it was a historical period that sparked in a stroke a number numerous changes in the economic, social and political dimensions. It is consideredRead MoreHistorical Events And Their Impact On The World952 Words   |  4 Pagespast. The Industrial Revolution during the 18th to 19th century, the Industrialization of the 20th century, World War I and World War II, all left traces and have greatly impacted the way we live in today particularly out living standard. The goal of the paper is to discuss the effects of these historical events on the way we live in terms of living standards. The First Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution during the 18th to 19th century was referred to as the First Industrial RevolutionRead MoreThe Social Conditions Of The 19th Century Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesImagine living in the 19th century while the world is experiencing major social and economic changes following the French and Industrial Revolutions. These world changing events are mostly causing plagues for the working class. These 19th century conditions cause the people to revolt against the social reforms of the existing world and reveal the need for a new social structure. The newly emerging Industrial revolution results in a shift within economic classes, which are the bourgeoisie and proletariatRead MoreSecond Industrial Revolution Essay871 Words   |  4 Pages An Industrial Revolution is the â€Å"change in social and economic organization that resulted from the replacement of the hand tools with machines and from the development of large-scale industrial production† ( Danzer R50). The Second Industrial Revolution happened nearly one hundred years later after the First Industrial Revolution in England during the 1760s (Fagnilli 7). The Second Industrial Revolution was the cause of new inventions, government support for business, common natural resourcesRead MoreEffects of the Industrial Revolution727 Words   |  3 PagesThe Industrial Revolution, lasting between the 18th and 19th century, profoundly affected the people of Europe, North America, and other regions of the world. The revolution produced new exciting technological innovations. As a result, the socioeconomic climate and cultural aspects of Europe and North America were altered in an unprecedented manner. Industrial opportunities also lured the population away from agrarian lifestyles to more urban populaces. The Industrial Revolution extensively changed

NCOs in the American Army Free Essays

Our work aims to research the role of NCOs in the American army in 1775-1865. NCO   means non-commissioned officer in United States Army, it’s the same as sergeant (Allen 118). Within the context of the Army rank system, however, there were often mitigating circumstances and a maze of variables that altered the hierarchy and the privileges associated with rank. We will write a custom essay sample on NCOs in the American Army or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although the rank structure was essentially rigid, occasionally a â€Å"billet† or specific job could be of greater importance for the actual display of power. For example, a commander of any rank was shown more respect and admiration than a staff officer of the same rank. Commanders were often given special privileges because of their positions rather than their rank. Additionally, officers of lower rank and some enlisted soldiers sometimes had responsibilities that provided them with more respect, or at least more power. For example, an enlisted soldier who was post quartermaster wielded unusual power due to his ability to determine who received coveted government supplies and equipment. However, regardless of the billet or display of power, the enlisted soldier who temporarily held the reins of power within a certain area never ascended to the higher social class of the officers. Social standing–or class association–was never altered by mere power or position. The enlisted soldier who was the quartermaster was still regarded as a member of the enlisted ranks and thus part of the lower class. On the Western frontier the Army’s rank system remained unremittingly intact because it was the only structure there was. The post commander was the supreme authority in all matters, and every form of official military etiquette was respected and enforced. This disparity between officers and NCOs disappeared only very slowly as one moved up the rank structure, and it was a very foolish battalion commander who angers his own or a higher commander’s sergeant major. At battalion level the sergeant major served a useful unifying function, assisted the commander in dealing with troops and serving as a trainer for the unit’s first sergeants. Above battalion, command sergeants major interfered with subordinate units, contradict local command guidance, and provided a disruptive back-channel for political maneuvering by NCOs dissatisfied with their commanders or their positions in life.So officer could place himself under the tutelage of his senior NCOs and act, in effect, as his platoon sergeant’s subordinate and as the unit’s mascot. The main task of NCOs was train   soldiers. Ideally, all cadets should be prior-service enlisted personnel, and those who are not should go through a regular-style basic training course, with regular drill sergeants, among normal trainees. At least in the past, trainees have often been terrified of the Army, particularly in the early weeks. They are also physically tired during basic training and only want to relax or perhaps explore their new environment during their off-duty time. Recruits do not know each other well enough at this period to develop the relations of trust and affection that are necessary for organizing a resistance movement. The Army appears to watch the trainees most closely during basic training, and it seems to give noncommissioned officers ( NCOs) and officers more license to use their power and authority than at nearly any other time during a soldier’s experience in the Army. The NCOs keep a close watch for possible chargeable offenses, and there are many extra, stiffer inspections and vague threats of violence. In marches, the resisting soldier is continually called for being out of step, even if he is marching perfectly. Physical exercise is also used as a punishment. Officer couldn’t holler at nobody.   And if he didn’t get the job done, the man who didn’t do the job, they didn’t say nothing to the private over there. They ask the NCO why the job didn’t get done. Many times there is a conflict between loyal service to one’s immediate commander and improving one’s image with his boss. The senior rater is rarely directly aware of a junior officer’s work. This leads to another baneful effect, perhaps as crippling as any already discussed. Although the senior rater may have his own opinion of the junior officer, and will take the immediate rater’s assessment into account, there is another source of input. That is the information fed to him by other members of the unit, including the rated officer’s subordinates or, if he is a staff officer, people who are subject to his inspection. Many â€Å"subordinates,† such as senior NCOs, actually have far more prestige and credibility than the rated captain or lieutenant. Many times the senior rating amounts to nothing less than a peer or subordinate rating. A lieutenant or a company commander who has a bright idea is seen as trying to override his NCOs or to step on what they conceive to be their territory. While the rated officer’s immediate boss may appreciate his innovations or unusual accomplishments, the senior rater will hear a lot more from the many wounded parties involved. The senior rating becomes a means of social control. Battles are not won by leaders who have adjusted to this kind of groupthink. This is probably why 49 percent of army officers felt that â€Å"the bold, creative officer could not survive† in the army. In the American army NCOs   allowed to take some responsibility in organizing the men, such as during recreation. This technique has the advantages of giving subordinates the experience in leadership they will need should the officer be missing and creates for them a more extensive sense of commitment to the unit. NCOs who take an interest in their squads have had an enormous effect in boosting morale and in creating a link to the officer.   NCOs are always to be backed up and never criticized in front of the men. Officers are less subject to the normative pull of enlisted men and hence do not suffer the conflicts between enlisted men’s expectations and military expectations to the extent that NCOs do. Good relations with NCOs is a mark of a professionalized officer. When American soldiers went in combat action, they listen to their NCOs. Sergeants   are the ones who know what’s going on and they could give officers a lot of help. In combat the officer in charge of the company, the company commander, is a commissioned officer who is likely to have little close contact with the men. He is concerned with logistics, but he is not primarily concerned with assessing morale. That information he gets from his senior NCOs, who are in close contact with the soldiers and are enlisted men themselves. Thus an NCO must have a great deal of experience in combat, whereas the officer need not have so much field experience. This is why the Army can function with a man in a higher command position. The Army places great importance on these morale indicators. They are easily observed and thought to be valid measures of leadership abilities and are therefore important in the evaluation of officers and NCOs for promotion. Many officers and NCOs respond to their accountability by trying to boost the indicators while paying little attention to the proper leadership techniques. Morale is the cornerstone of professional paternalist control, and paternalists have ways to assess morale; the NCO’s function and the use of indicators come to mind.  American officers consistently proposed less severe corrective action than NCOs.  NCOs became more severe as they grew older and as their length of service increased. Interestingly, officers gave their highest effectiveness ratings to those NCOs who were most punitive and least like themselves. Inspector General’s report, Sergeant Major Robert D. Easterling was scathing about Guard noncommissioned officers in the three roundout brigades called up, including the 48th:  As a whole, the NCO corps within the National Guard Roundout brigades fail to meet the traditional standards expected of NCOs†¦. Most of the NCOs do not demonstrate an understanding or use of leadership principles. Although the NCO may know his strengths and weaknesses, countless interviews with NCOs reveal no real desire to seek self-improvement. The NCOs see no incentive to put forth additional effort for self-improvement†¦. Most immediate supervisors do not understand the need to care for their subordinates’ physical and safety needs, as well as the need to discipline and reward them fairly†¦. There is little evidence NCOs in the brigades strive to develop a sense of responsibility in their subordinates (Appendix D 64). Those not in units will perform meaningful staff work and a decision will be made regarding a â€Å"command track† for those who are gifted with soldier leadership skills. When a combat arms officer or NCO scrambles to get back in a unit, then we will know that the culture is correct. Officers and NCOs who have relied for years on coercive techniques may experience a great deal of stress as the Army limits their techniques. They feel discipline is eroding and that new soldiers will be ineffective and vulnerable to great losses in combat. Works Cited Page Allen,   Edward Frank. Allen’s Dictionary of Abbreviations and Symbols. New York: Coward-McCann, 1946. Mackesy, Piers. The War for America: 1775-1783. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1992. â€Å"Special Assessment Dept. of the Army,† Appendix D,1965. Volo, Dorothy Denneen. Daily Life during the American Revolution. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2003. Werner , Herman O. Men in Arms: A History of Warfare and Its Interrelationships with Western Society. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1956. How to cite NCOs in the American Army, Essay examples

The Peter back, not all Review Essay Example

The Peter back, not all Review Paper Essay on The Peter back, not all I wanted to read something light and quite burdensome for the head, but at the same time interesting and definitely mysterious. Suddenly remembered an old attachment to the detective stories of Anna and Sergei Litvinov. Especially those in which it was told about the daring journalist Dima Poluyanova. And just at the detective writers new book out In Peter to return, not all. It is just about the new adventures of shark pen explains. So I bought it and. The plot is simple, besides a few borrowed from Agatha Christie. So, Dima managed to write about some of my adventures book and now a movie on it is removed. Journalist in the new film also gave a small role. The film crew went to work in St. Petersburg. But this is only the background Detective begins on the way back when the train killed the director and behind him his mistress the actress. The circle of suspects is limited. It could only do the members of the crew. But who? Fearless and terribly curious Poluyanov picks its own investigation. He was already dreaming title of the article and the color turns in the room favorite newspaper Youth News. However, the astute reader can easily outstrip the journalist and first find the truth. Small affair. Only place in the newspaper for clues murder book nobody will In general, not pleased Litvinovy ​​nothing special, but not disappointed. Because more of them, I did not expect. they are outstanding artists in the detective genre, in my humble opinion, have never been. I was always more attracted by the description of the newspaper everyday Poluyanova. Until she plunged into them with his head. And yet, it seems to me that the previously written Litvinovy ​​better. And intrigue was twisted stronger. But now, to attract the readers attention, they lay out the next chapter of his detective creation in the previous. We will write a custom essay sample on The Peter back, not all Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Peter back, not all Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Peter back, not all Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Well, read their books on vacation is quite possible. Especially if you want to give the rest of the brain. They, too, deserve a vacation.

Jean Paul Sartre essays

Jean Paul Sartre essays From the early to late 20th century a philosopher by the name of Jean-Paul Sartre became a major spokes person for existentialism, catching the largest audience in all the history of philosophy. Sartre developed a sort of chain of philosophy with and responsibilities for humanity to live by. He expressed that every individuals first responsibility to, not only their self, but to humanity as well, was to realize they exist and define themselves as who they are and how they will be. From there he believed that everyone is free to make choices, and everyone is responsible for realizing that every choice made not only affects their future but humanities as well. Once those choices are made, he felt it is every individual's responsibility to get what they want, and not sit and wait for it to happen. He felt that humanity relied too much on God in all these aspects of life, and he felt God was too unreliable. People needed to be shown that every individual is responsible for every aspect of theirs and humanities future. People can only rely on themselves. People must realize that they exist without the help of God and learn to define themselves as human before anything else. This is the first step on Sartre's chain of philosophy. Everything that has been created has been developed from an idea or concept before it actually existed. Take for example a knife, the artisan who creates one has a concept of its appearance and usage before be begins to develop it. In this case the knifes essence came before its existence. But in the case of humans Sartre felt this was not so. His atheistic existentialist approach was that if God does not exist there is at least one being whose existence comes before its essence, a being which exists before it can be defined by any concept of it. That he believed was humans. Therefore humans must first of all exist, encounter themselves, and then define themselves or develop their concept of self afterwards. ...

Review of Eats, Shoots and Leaves.

Review of Eats, Shoots and Leaves. Review of Eats, Shoots and Leaves. Review of Eats, Shoots and Leaves. By Maeve Maddox Ive finally got round to reading Eats, Shoots and Leaves by Lynne Truss. Heres a book that is not only useful and fun to read, its phenomenal popularity carries a moral for every writer: Dont worry about following the market. Dont try to produce another DaVinci Code or Harry Potter. Write what youre enthusiastic about and kindred spirits will find your book. Who could have guessed that a book about punctuation would hit the top of the charts? First published in April of 2004, Eats, Shoots and Leaves spent 25 weeks on the NY Times bestseller list and by October of that year had gone back to press 22 times to bring the total of copies in print to a million. I cant guess how many copies are out there by now. At a bit more than 200 pages including the bibliography, this little book describes the rules that govern the use of: apostrophe comma colon semi-colon dash hyphen period Plenty of other writing guides exist that describe the use of punctuation symbols, but the Truss book livens the discussion by throwing in history, examples of offensive punctuation, and the cheeky attitude that any English speaker smart enough to achieve an elementary school education ought to be smart enough to use apostrophes correctly. Heres a quotation that illustrates the clear, curmudgeonly style and underlying passion that has made this book a best seller with lovers of the language: To those who care about punctuation, a sentence such as Thank God its Friday (without the apostrophe) rouses feelings not only of despair but of violence. The confusion of the possessive its (no apostrophe) with the contractive its (with apostrophe) is an unequivocal signal of illiteracy and sets off a simple Pavlovian kill response in the average stickler. The rule is: the word its (with apostrophe) stands for it is or it has. If the word does not stand for it is or it has then what you require is its. This is extremely easy to grasp. Getting your itses mixed up is the greatest solecism in the world of punctuation. No matter that you have a PhD and have read all of Henry James twice. If you still persist in writing, Good food at its best, you deserve to be struck by lightning, hacked up on the spot and buried in an unmarked grave. As you can tell from the periods outside the quotation marks in this excerpt, Truss is British. Some of her funny allusions may go over the head of American readers, but most are understandable on both sides of the pond. And she always takes care to note differences between American usage and terminology, such as the fact that what Americans call a period is a full stop in England. Truss doesnt pretend to grammatical credentials beyond those of a professional journalist who paid attention to her elementary education. She is not a linguist or a grammarian. Indeed, New Yorker essayist Louis Menand scrutinized her text for punctuation inconsistencies and takes her to task in a piece called Lynne Truss’s strange grammar (June 28, 2004). He could do no less for the honor of his magazine, considering that Truss makes numerous references to the New Yorkers predilection for over-punctuation. If you havent read it yet, pick up a copy of Eats, Shoots and Leaves. Its funny and it really is a useful guide to English punctuation. Heres a link to Menands New Yorker article. You can also buy Eats, Shoots and Leaves on Amazon. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Book Reviews category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Possessive of Proper Names Ending in S55 Boxing Idioms"To Tide You Over"

Discussion about hunger game Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion about hunger game - Essay Example Children are being abused and lives taken just for entertainment purposes.This inhuman acts by the leaders of panama and the resident of Capital demonstrate disregard of human rights and social injustice of the highest order. The District residents are viewed as so much inferior human being to an extent that they don’t see anything wrong with making their children kill each other to entertain them. The government of Panem holds all the power over the districts and they rule with finality and totality. The districts resident has no say in matters concerning their governance and the government imposes on them whatever they want regardless of their feelings about it. The government keeps District resident on their knees by warning them of how miserable their lives will be if they rebel against it. The people are forced to live under hostile conditions like fighting among themselves, deny them freedom of movement and joining forces was criminalized among district residents. The book shows how different the lives of those who has power (Capitals) was to the inferior class (the district).When Katniss refuse to kill Peeta or join forces with Rue, she defies the rule of capital and this meant she was to be severely punished as she belonged to an inferior class of people in that society. Here inequality of different classes of people in this society is clearly

A personal experience on a vaction trip to paris,france Essay

A personal experience on a vaction trip to paris,france - Essay Example I was really excited to see the Eiffel Tower because I had read many stories about it. â€Å"The Eiffel Tower is the symbol of Paris and likely the most recognizable landmark of the city. It was built by Gustave Eiffel for the World Exhibition of 1889 and it was never meant to be a permanent addition to the citys skyline. Initially, the artists and writers of Paris expressed their strong disapproval regarding to the tower, but later generations commended it. The figures are impressive (like the fact that it weighs 7000 tons) but forget about them and try to enjoy the sight.† (Places to Visit in France) After visiting the Eiffel Tower I wanted to see Sainte-Chapelle. Many people believe that it is the gateway to heaven, I have read so many true stories about the uniqueness of this church, it sounded so special, and I decided that I had to see it for myself. I was very impressed, the church was exceptionally beautiful, I had seen many churches earlier in my life but, indubitably, this one was special and really beautiful. After visiting the beautiful church I headed towards the museum in Paris. This was on the top of my must see places so I headed straight towards fulfilling my wish. The museum had a great collection; it had some rare coins, transcripts and so on. These things were very rare and this was, perhaps, why they were locked inside a museum. The entry inside the museum was not free, but it was not too expensive and going to the museum in France was a one of kind experience. Notre Dame Cathedral was my next destination. This cathedral is very famous for its gothic architecture and this is exactly why I decided to see it and it was certainly not a letdown. This cathedral is located in the heart of the city and several tourists visit it day in, day out. I decided to relax; and what is a better place to relax than the Luxembourg Gardens? Several tourists go to these gardens regularly in order to relax and find